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HA12181FP
AM Radio Noise Reduction System
REJ03F0130-0200 (Previous: ADE-207-171A) Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005
Functions
* * * * Buffer amp. for audio Linear approximate circuit for noise reduction IF Amp., detector, audio amp. and AGC circuit for noise detection Gate pulse generator
Features
* * * * * High noise cancelling capacity: 46 dB typ. Less gain loss: GV = -0.5 dB typ. Low total harmonic destortion and high signal-to noise ratio: THD = 0.06% typ., S/N = 75 dB typ. Operation supply voltage range: 7.0 V to 10 V (8.2 V typ.) Less external parts count
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 1 of 19
HA12181FP
Block Diagram
R500 100 k IF AGC
+ C502 0.01 3.3 Det. 1 14
15 12
C503 C504 0.22 R502 22 k
R505 47 k AF AGC
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 2 of 19
IF AGC OR
HPF1 LPF
IF Input
16
Pulse Det.(1)
Gate pulse Gen.
IF Amp. LPF Det. Pulse Det. HPF AF AGC Noise AGC Stabi. Volt.
AF Amp.
2nd IFT
4
ANT
R506 12 k
7
SW2
SW1
1st IFT
C501 1000 p
Pulse Det.(2)
(1) (2)
13
VCC (8.2 V) Gate pulse (1) Gate pulse (2)
SW4
+
AF Input
RF
C513 1
SW3
MIX IF Det.
+3
Phase Circuit
Hight-pass Amp. (waveform compensation)
Buffer Amp.
C506 100
OSC AM-IC
2 5 Stabilized Voltage Circuit Level Diff. Det. Circuit
Stabilized Current Circuit (waveform compensation) 6 8
SW5
10
9
11
C500 0.033
Capacitor for Pahse C512 0.068
Capacitor for Hold C511 0.033
AF Output Capacitor C509 + for By-pass R503 0.033 180 k C508 C510 R504 1 0.033 Capacitor 4.7 k for waveform compensation
Gate Time Constant C507 2200 p
Unit
R: C:F
HA12181FP
Table of Pin Description and External Parts
External parts DC voltage (V) (No input) 2.7 Influence of External parts Larger than recommended value Longer time to stabilize AGC. Smaller than recommended value Longer distortion of recover.
No. of pin 1
Name IF AGC
Function Time constant for IF AGC.
Equivalent circuit
No. R500 C502
C502 3.3
recommended value 100 K 3.3
1
R500 100k
+
2
Bias1
Bypass for voltage Stabi.
3.2
2
C500 0.033
C500
0.033
--
Increased noise.
3
AF input
Input of AF.
3.3
20k
C513
1
--
--
3 +
C513
AF IN
4
Bias2
Decide the current of filter network.
1.3
4
R506
12 K
Cut off frequency of L*P*F and H*P*F shifted lower.
Cut off frequency of L*P*F and H*P*F shifted higher.
5
Phase
Phase circuit
3.3
5
C512 0.068
C512
0.068
Must be used on the recommended value.
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 3 of 19
HA12181FP
Table of Pin Description and External Parts (cont.)
External parts DC voltage (V) (No input) 3.3 Influence of External parts Larger than recommended value Smaller than recommended value
No. of pin 6
Name Hold
Function Hold of level difference.
Equivalent circuit
No.
C511
recommended value
0.033
Must be used on the recommended value.
6
C511 0.033
7 8
GND HighPass.
GND HighPass AMP. (Waveform Compensation)
Output of AF
-- 3.3
--
C510
--
0.033
--
--
Must be used on the recommended value.
8
C510 0.033
9
AF out
3.3
C508
R504
1
4.7 K
Output DC cut
Output load
9
+
C508 1
R504 4.7k
10
Wave form
Waveform Compensation
3.3
C509
0.033
Must be used on the recommended value.
10
C509 0.033
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 4 of 19
HA12181FP
Table of Pin Description and External Parts (cont.)
External parts DC voltage (V) (No input)
4.5V
Influence of External parts Larger than recommended value
Gate pulse width become wider.
No. of pin 11
Name Gate
Function Gate pulse generation
Equivalent circuit
No. R503
C507
recommended value 180 K
2200 P
Smaller than recommended value
Gate pulse width become narrow.
0
11
C507 2200p R503 180k
12
Vth
Determination of noise detection sensitivity
VCC IF AGC detector
1.1
R502
22 K
12
R502 22k
Higher noise detection sensitivity.
Lower noise detection sensitivity.
13 14
VCC IF Det.
8.2 3.3
--
-- C503
-- 0.01
-- --
-- --
14
C503 0.01
13
15
AF AGC
Time constant for AF AGC
0
R505
C504
47 K
0.22
Longer time to stabilize AGC.
Missoperation in noise detector.
15
C504 0.22 R505 47k
16
IF in
IF input
1.3
30k
IF Input
--
16
C501 1000p
IF IN
Coupling Instability
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 5 of 19
HA12181FP
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(Ta = 25C)
Item Supply voltage Power dissipation Operating temperature Storage temperature Note: 1. Value at Ta = 85C VCC Pd Topr Tstg Symbol 16 400*1 -40 to +85 -55 to +125 Ratings V mW C C Unit
Electrical Characteristics (Tentative)
(VCC = 8.2 V, Ta = 25C, Pin 3 input: Vin = 100 mVrms, f = 1 KHz, Pin 16 input: Vin = 74 dB, fc = 450 KHz, fm = 1 KHz, m = 30%)
Item Supply current Output voltage Total harmonic distortion Signal-to-noise ratio Symbol ICC Vout THD1 S/N (1) Min -- 70 -- 60 Typ 11.0 95 0.06 75 Max -- 120 0.3 -- Unit mA mVrms % dB Pin 3 input Vin = 100 mVrms (Reference), Rg = 10 K Pin 3 input Vin = 500 mVrms Pin 16 input only Test Conditions No input signal, IC only Pin 3 input only
Strong input total harmonic distortion Recovered output voltage Recovered output signal-to-noise-ratio Noise suppression ratio
THD2 VO (AF) S/N (2) NSR
-- 50 35 35
1.0 78 45 46
2.5 120 -- --
% mVrms dB dB
Input the waveform below. Pin 3 input Vin = 100 mVrms (Reference) no input sine wave
100mV Pin 16 Input 2ms
10s
Figure 1 Input Waveform at Measurement of Noise Suppression Ratio
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 6 of 19
HA12181FP
Test Circuit
VCC (8.2V) Det.Out
B + A
R505 C504 47k 0.22 IF-IN PULSE-IN C501 1000p
50 AM-SG
R502 R503 C507 C509 15k 180k 2200p 0.033 C503 0.01
+
R504 4.7k
C OUT + C508 1
C506 100 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
1 AF-IN
+
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
C513 1
50
R500 100k
AF-SG
+ C502
3.3
C500 0.033
R506 12k
C512 C511 0.068 0.033
C510 0.033
Unit
R: C:F
Note: 1. Resistors tolerance are within 5%. 2. Capacitors tolerance (C509 to C512) are within 5%, other capacitor are within 10%.
Operation Principle
Noise Detector
16
IF
ANT. 1st IFT
A
B
RF
CONV.
IF
DET
C
3
Processing Waveform Circuit
9
Out
AM-IC
HA12181FP
D
Figure 2 System Block Diagram of AM Radio
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 7 of 19
HA12181FP A system block diagram of AM Radio using the HA12181FP is shown in Figure 2 and waveforms at each point in the system are illustrated in Figure 3. For AM wave with impulse noise from ANT, the pulse spreads its width each time when the AM wave passes through a selection filter. The pulse width becomes the order of several hundred microseconds at detector output (Point C). A radio without a noise canceller produces large noise to the audience. This IC perfectly detects every noise by using the signals from 1st IFT (Point B) in front of the narrow band filter. The wave process circuit approximates the voltage linearly at the pulse to reduce the noise in the output. The principle for wave processing follows. Further investigation make it clear that the pulse width of impulse noise is constant (several handred microseconds) and independent of the waveform or waveheight. Therefore the former and later voltage (VA, VB) of the pulse can be found at the same time (T1) by means of the wave and the delayed one for this time, as shown in the right figure.
Each Point in the Figure
Waveform including Noise
A
Narrower Pulse Width and Higher Wave Height
B
Point D
VB
Point C
C
Wider Pulse Width and Lower Wave Height
VA
T1
T2
D
Noiseless
Figure 3 Waveforms at Each Point in the System In an actual circuit, the differential voltage between input and output of phase shift circuit is changed to the capacitor C511 at pin 6. At the time of T1, when the switch turns to the noise processing mode (the switch positions in Figure 4 are inverted), the voltage difference (VA - VB) is held in C511. C509 at pin 10 is changed by the differential voltage between the held voltage and the output voltage at pin 9 (VA): VA - (VA - VB) = VB.
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 8 of 19
HA12181FP As the initial voltage of C509 is equal to the output voltage (VA) before the switch change, the voltage between terminals of C509 is changed from VA to VB. The waveform which change up to C509 becomes the output, because the voltage of C509 appears at pin 9 through the buffer. The changed up waveform of C509 is almost linearly approximated because of the constant current change by the feedback from the output at pin 9. At the time of T2 when the awitches change to the normal mode (the switch position in Figure 4), the output recovers smoothly as the voltage of C509 is VB. However the unmatch of the wave delay time due to the pulse width or the phase circuit and the offset of circuit make a slight step difference on the waverform at the moment of switch change. LPF, consisting of R1 and C509 make it smooth. The frequency characteristics, which is detriorated by LPF in the normalmode, is compensated so that it might become flat. C509 and C510 should have the same capacity, and the tolerance must be within 5%.
3
Phase Circuit
HPFAmp.
R1
Buffer
9
Out
+ Subtraction - Circuit
+ Constant Current - Circuit(Subtraction
Circuit)
R2
5
6
8
10
C512
C511
C510
C509
Figure 4 Waveform Processing Circuit
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 9 of 19
HA12181FP
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 10 of 19
R500 100 k IF AGC
+ C502 0.01 3.3 Det. 1 14
15 12
C503 C504 0.22
R505 47 k AF AGC
R502 22 k
IF AGC OR
HPF1 LPF
IF Input
16
Pulse Det.(1)
Gate pulse Gen.
IF Amp. LPF Det. Pulse Det. HPF AF Amp. AF AGC Stabi. Volt.
Noise AGC
2nd IFT 1st IFT
4
C501 1000 p
Pulse Det.(2)
(1) (2)
13
VCC (8.2 V) Gate pulse (1) Gate pulse (2)
+
Two signals dummy ANT.
R506 12 k
7
SW2
SW1
AF Input
50
Evaluation Circuit for Noise Reduction Effect
Pulse SG.
RF IF
C513 1
MIX Det. OSC AM-IC
2 5 Stabilized Voltage Circuit
+3
Phase Circuit
SW3
Hight-pass Amp. (waveform compensation)
SW4
Buffer Amp.
C506 100
50
AM SG.
Level Diff. Det. Circuit
Stabilized Current Circuit (waveform compensation) 6 8
SW5
C500 0.033
Capacitor for Pahse C512 0.068
Capacitor for Hold C511 0.033
10 9 11 Gate Time AF Output Capacitor C509 Constant + for By-pass R503 0.033 C507 180 k C508 C510 2200 p 0.033 Capacitor 1 R504 for waveform 4.7 k Noise compensation
Meter
Unit
R: C:F
HA12181FP
Example of Noise Reduction Effect
20 10 0
Two Signals dummy ANT.
VCC=8.2V AM SG : fc=999kHz, m=30%, fm=1kHz Pulse : No input
Vout
-10
50
Output (dB)
NRoff
16 16
15p To ANT Pulse SG Output (EMF)
10s 100mVP-P
Pulse SG. 50 16 30 65p
-20 -30 -40
Pulse : No input
AM SG.
2s
NRon
Noise
Figure.2
AM SG : fc=999kHz, no mod. Pulse SG : Refer to Figure.2
-50 -60 0
10
20
30
40 50 60 70 80 AM SG Output (EMF) (dB)
90
100
110
120
20 10 0
Two Signals dummy ANT.
VCC=8.2V AM SG : fc=999kHz, m=30%, fm=1kHz Pulse : No input
Vout
-10
50
Pulse SG. 50 AM SG.
16 16
15p To ANT Pulse SG Output (EMF)
10s
Output (dB)
-20
NRon
NRoff
16
30 65p
100mVP-P 10s
-30 -40 -50 -60 0
Figure.3
Noise
AM SG : fc=999kHz, no mod. Pulse SG : Refer to Figure.2
10
20
30
40 50 60 70 80 AM SG Output (EMF) (dB)
90
100
110
120
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 11 of 19
HA12181FP
PC Board Layout Pattern
C507
VCC
+
C506
R503
R502
R504
C508
C504
R501 C503
C501
+
C509
16
Vout
IF in
C513
R506
C502 R500
C505
C510
C511
+
C512
AF in
+
HA12181FP (Top view)
FN-8648
HA12181FP
(Bottom view)
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 12 of 19
HA12181FP
Main Characteristics
10 0 -2 -4 -6 1.0 -8 -10 -12 0.5 Vin Max (THD 1.0%)
Vin max (Vrms)
Vout (dB)
Vout : Vin = 100 mVrms const Vout (0 dB = 96 mVrms)
2.0
1.5
0 40
100
200
400
1k f (Hz)
2k
4k
10 k
20 k
50 k
0.5 Vin = 100 mVrms 0.4
THD (%)
0.3
0.2
0.1
0 40
100
200
400 f (Hz)
1k
2k
4k
10 k
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 13 of 19
HA12181FP
10
Vo (AF) : 0 dB = 76 mVrms
0 -10 -20
Vout (dB)
fc = 450 kHz, m = 30%, fm = 1kHz
-30 -40
Noise (no modulation)
-50 -60 -70 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
120
Vin (EMF) (dBm)
50 Pulse input at Gate ON 10s V pulse
2ms
20
10
V pulse (mVp-p)
5
2 1 0.5
0.2 1k
5k
10 k
R502 ()
50 k
100 k
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 14 of 19
HA12181FP
Vout (mVrms)
THD1 (%)
120
Vout
0.5 100
0.4
80
0.3
60
0.2
40
0.1
20
THD1
0
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 VCC (V) 12 13 14 15 16
THD2 (%)
120
1.0 100
S : 100 mVrms = 0 dB
S/N1 (dB)
0.8
80
S/N1 N : no-input
0.6
60
0.4
40
THD2 (Vin = 500 mVrms, f = 1 kHz)
0.2
20
0
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 VCC (V) 12 13 14 15 16
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 15 of 19
HA12181FP
Vo (AF) (mVrms)
60 120 S/N2
50 100
40
S/N2 (dB)
80
Vo (AF)
30
60
Vin = 74 dB fc = 450 kHz fm = 1 kHZ m = 30%
20
40
10
20
0
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 VCC (V) 12 13 14 15 16
NSR (dB)
60
50
ICC (mA)
60
50
NSR (pulse input)
40
40
30
30
20
20
ICC (no-input)
10
10
0
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 VCC (V) 12 13 14 15 16
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 16 of 19
HA12181FP
V pulse (mVp-p)
1.0
0.8 V pulse (Pulse input level at Gate on) 0.6
0.4
0.2
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 VCC (V)
Vout (AF) (mVrms)
12
13
14
15
16
0.5 100 Vout 0.4 80
0.3
THD1 (%)
60 VCC = 8.2 V Vin = 100 mVrms, f = 1 kHz
0.2
40
0.1
20 THD1
0
0 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Ta (C)
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 17 of 19
HA12181FP
NSR (dB) ICC (mA)
60
60
VCC = 8.2 V
50
50
NSR (pulse input)
40
40
30
30
20
20
ICC (no-input)
10
10
0
0 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Ta (C)
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 18 of 19
HA12181FP
Package Dimensions
JEITA Package Code P-SOP16-5.5x10.06-1.27 RENESAS Code PRSP0016DH-A Previous Code FP-16DA MASS[Typ.] 0.24g
*1
D
F 16 9
NOTE) 1. DIMENSIONS"*1 (Nom)"AND"*2" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. DIMENSION"*3"DOES NOT INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET.
bp
b1
E
HE
c1
Index mark
Reference Symbol
*2
c
Dimension in Millimeters Min Nom 10.06 5.5 Max 10.5
Terminal cross section
1
Z
e
*3
D E
8
bp
A2
x
M
L1
A1 A b b c
p 1
0.00
0.10
0.20 2.20
0.34
0.42 0.40
0.50
0.17
1
0.22 0.20
0.27
A
c
HE
0 7.50 7.80 1.27
8 8.00
A1
y
L
e x y
0.12 0.15 0.80 0.50
1
Detail F
Z L L 0.70 1.15
0.90
Rev.2.00 Jun 15, 2005 page 19 of 19
Sales Strategic Planning Div.
Keep safety first in your circuit designs!
Nippon Bldg., 2-6-2, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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